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Obese women have alterations in the environment around the ovary before they ovulate that appear to play a role in the well-documented association between obesity and reduced fertility, according to a report in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.

“Characteristics of eggs are influenced by the environment in which they develop within the ovary,” lead author Dr. Rebecca Robker, from Adelaide University, Australia, said in a statement. “Our study found that obese women have abnormally high levels of fats and inflammation in the fluid surrounding their eggs, which can impact an egg’s developmental potential.”

The study included 96 women who were attending a private infertility clinic and who were divided, roughly equally, into normal weight, overweight, and obese groups using standard body mass index criteria. The fluid surrounding the ovaries - the follicular fluid — obtained during egg retrieval, was analyzed for hormones, metabolites, gene expression within certain cells.

As body mass index rose, so did follicular fluid levels of insulin, lactate, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein. Levels of sex hormone binding globulin, by contrast, decreased. Small differences in insulin-regulated genes in granulosa cells were also noted between obese and normal weight women.

Exactly how these local environmental changes impact ovarian function, egg quality, or both remains to be studied, “but are likely to be significant,” the authors conclude.

Researchers at the University of Toronto recently completed a new study on strawberries and their effect on cholesterol. The study looked at 28 men and women with high cholesterol who had been eating a low cholesterol diet. Researchers gave half of the group three cups of strawberries every day for 30 days and the other half more oat bran bread.

At the end of the month, the subjects who ate the strawberries maintained lower cholesterol but also had a reduction of “oxidative damage to LDL cholesterol.” In excess, LDL (bad) cholesterol is harmful to our arteries, but it’s even more harmful if it’s oxidized. The antioxidants in the strawberries help reduce the free radicals that cause oxidation in the body.

This small study was backed by the California Strawberry Commission. Although the study clearly helps the Commission promote strawberry sales, these new findings help prove that strawberries, and other antioxidant-rich berries and fruits, are an important part of a healthy diet and disease prevention.

Unfortunately, strawberries are known to have some of the highest levels of pesticides. Try opting for organic or better yet…grow them at home. Chelsea Green wrote a great article on The Huffington Post this week with step-by-step instructions on how to grow strawberries at home. Fun and money saving!

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After giving birth to her son Ryan, Hayley Phillips thought it wouldn’t be too long before his twin brother followed.
In fact, it took a further 51 hours - and a second labour for Miss Phillips - before Lewis eventually made his way into the world.
The twins - who as well as being born on different days also have different star signs - are now set to mark their first birthday, with Ryan, a Leo, celebrating tomorrow and Lewis, a Virgo, two days later on Tuesday.
Miss Phillips, 24, said: ‘There were two separate labours, with Ryan being born at home and Lewis in hospital, they have different birthdays, different star signs and if Lewis had been born a few days later he would be in a different school year.
‘They look the same but they couldn’t be any more different.’
Miss Phillips, a manager with Lloyds TSB, was admitted to Sunderland Royal Hospital on August 23 last year after experiencing labour pains 11 weeks early.
She was thought to have a mild water infection and was sent home, but just minutes after arriving at her house in Pallion Park, Sunderland, she went into labour with her partner Craig Selbie, 32, by her side.
Ryan was born ten minutes later on the bathroom floor, and weighed 2lb 14oz. Miss Phillips was then readmitted to hospital, where doctors prepared for Lewis’s birth.
But as the minutes ticked by, nothing happened.
‘As soon as I got to the hospital it was like I hadn’t even given birth,’ Miss Phillips said.
‘All of the pains stopped and I felt fine. I spent the next two days visiting Ryan in the neonatal unit with Lewis still inside me, which was very strange.
‘I was looking at Ryan in the flesh while holding a scan of his twin brother in my hand.’
After two days she was sent home again only to go into labour soon afterwards. After six hours, Lewis was finally born, weighing 3lb 3oz.
However, the brothers were again separated after Lewis was admitted to the neonatal unit.
He was placed on a ventilator, had a blood transfusion and was induced into a 72-hour coma.
After eight weeks, he was given the all-clear and reunited with his parents.
‘It was our first time together,’ Miss Phillips said.
‘It was such a blessing to be able to hold them together. They’re fighting fit now and have grown well. They’ve both been little miracles.’

Eating grated cheese rather than sliced can reduce the risk of heart disease, says a new report.
According to to the Food Standards Agency [FSA], people should grate or use a stronger flavoured cheese to reduce their intake of saturated fat.
“It’s important to find ways to cut down, not give up,” said FSA chief executive Tim Smith. “I learned to cut down cheese by grating it or using stronger flavour and I have cut down to 1% milk rather than semi-skimmed.”
Smith also suggested that the public use low fat milk and leaner cuts of meat. British people eat 20% more than the recommended levels of saturated fat, claims the FSA.

A team of British scientists have come one step closer to curing nut allergies after a small-scale clinical trial in which they successfully built up children’s tolerance to peanuts, they said Friday.
Researchers at Addenbroke’s Hospital in Cambridge, eastern England, gave small daily doses of peanut flour to four children who were severely allergic to peanuts, building up the amount over time.
By the end of the trial, each child could ingest at least 10 peanuts without having any reaction, which the scientists noted was more than enough to protect against any accidental ingestion through nut-contaminated foods.
In the study, published in the journal Allergy, four children were initially given five milligrams of peanut flour mixed into yoghurt.
Over the next six months, the dose was increased every fortnight until they could tolerate at least 800 mg — the equivalent of five whole peanuts.
The trial is ongoing and 20 children aged seven to 17 are now involved, with some able to ingest 12 peanuts a day.
However, they must maintain their tolerance by ingesting five peanuts a day, said Andrew Clark, a consultant in paediatric allergy who led the research.
“At the moment we know that if they continue to eat five peanuts a day, their tolerance is maintained. If they were to stop, then there is some evidence that tolerance would be lost and they may have a reaction,” he said.
They would be monitored for the next three or four years to assess their tolerance levels, Clark said, adding that there was no reason why the clinical trial could not be extended to adults.
“For all our participants, a reaction could lead to life-threatening anaphylactic shock. It’s not a permanent cure, but as long as they go on taking a daily dose they should maintain their tolerance,” he said.
About one in 50 children in Britain are allergic to peanuts, and ingesting them can cause difficulty in breathing, cardiac arrest and even death.
The trial was sponsored by the Evelyn Trust, a Cambridge charity supporting medical research.

Being obese can take years off your life and in some cases may be as dangerous as smoking, a new study says. British researchers at the University of Oxford analyzed 57 studies mostly in Europe and North America, following nearly one million people for an average of 10 to 15 years. During that time, about 100,000 of those people died.
The studies used Body Mass Index (BMI), a measurement that divides a person’s weight in kilograms by their height squared in meters to determine obesity. Researchers found that death rates were lowest in people who had a BMI of 23 to 24, on the high side of the normal range.
Health officials generally define overweight people as those with a BMI from 25 to 29, and obese people as those with a BMI above 30.
The study was published online Wednesday in the medical journal, Lancet. It was paid for by Britain’s Medical Research Council, the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK and others.
“If you are heading towards obesity, it may be a good idea to lose weight,” said Sir Richard Peto, the study’s main statistician and a professor at Oxford University.
Peto and colleagues found that people who were moderately fat, with a BMI from 30 to 35, lost about three years of life. People who were morbidly fat — those with a BMI above 40 — lost about 10 years off their expected lifespan, similar to the effect of lifelong smoking.
Moderately obese people were 50 percent more likely to die prematurely than normal-weight people, said Gary Whitlock, the Oxford University epidemiologist who led the study.
He said that obese people were also two thirds more likely to die of a heart attack or stroke, and up to four times more likely to die of diabetes, kidney or liver problems. They were one sixth more likely to die of cancer.
“This really emphasizes the importance of weight gain,” said Dr. Arne Astrup, a professor of nutrition at the University of Copenhagen who was not linked to the Lancet study. “Even a small increase in your BMI is enough to increase your risks for cardiovascular disease and cancer.”
Previous studies have found that death rates increase both above and below a normal BMI score, and that people who are moderately overweight live longer than underweight or normal-weight people.
Other experts said that because the papers used in the study mostly started between 1975 and 1985, their conclusions were not as relevant today.
Astrup worried that rising obesity rates may reverse the steep drops in heart disease seen in the West.
“Obesity is the new dark horse for public health officials,” he said. “People need to be aware of the risks they’re taking when they gain weight.”

It is a fact most men will not want to know, but research has proven that a virus which is contracted through oral sex can cause throat cancer. A study conducted by Johns Hopkins University has revealed that the HPV virus poses a greater risk in contracting cancer than smoking or alcohol.
The American study of 300 people also found that that those with more than six partners were almost nine times at greater risk of contracting the disease. And those who had already experienced a previous oral HPV infection were 32 times more likely to develop cancer. HPV is the cause of roughly 70 per cent of cervical cancers. However experts said a wider study was needed to confirm the findings.
Researchers said oral sex was the main mode of transmission of HPV but could not rule out that it could also be passed through kissing. During the study, men and women who had been recently diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer had blood and saliva samples taken and were also asked about their sexual practices and family history. They found HPV16 - one of the most common cancer-causing strains of the virus - was present in the tumours of 72 per cent of cancer patients. Scientists said the majority of HPV infections had no symptoms and often did not require treatment. But they also said a small percentage of those who contracted high-risk strains may go on to develop cancer. Study author Dr Gypsyamber D’Souza told the BBC: ‘It is important for health care providers to know that people without the traditional risk factors of tobacco and alcohol use can nevertheless be at risk of oropharyngeal cancer.’ Co-researcher Dr Maura Gillison said that oropharyngeal cancer is still relatively uncommon and that most people who contracted HPV probably wouldn’t develop throat cancer.